Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution

Article Title: Purifying Selection on Splice-Related Motifs, Not Expression Level nor RNA Folding, Explains Nearly All Constraint on Human lincRNAs

doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu249

Figure Lengend Snippet: CHD1 density within lincRNAs is higher in active intron rich genes. Here, for each gene, we consider the number of CHD1 peaks (as specified by ENCODE) per unit base pair of each gene and compare this with the number of introns per unit base pair of gene length (in both cases we employ the length of the unspliced gene). We consider those lincRNAs that are transcriptionally active or inactive in each cell type separately. As can be seen, active genes have higher CHD1 density the more introns they have. For H1 active, rho = 0.23, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 , for K562 rho = 0.16, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 . For the inactives, the inverse is seen the effect being greatly owing to the great number of intron rich genes without any CHD1: For H1 inactive, rho = −0.11, P < 5.2 × 10 −15 , for K562 rho = −0.19, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 . Concerned that there were many tied values we examined the latter result using the Goodmans Kruskall gamma test, this being more robust to tied values. Results are unaffected (for H1 active, gamma = 0.2048, H1 inactive gamma = −0.0863, K562 active gamma = 0.1353, and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1382; all P ’s < 0.001 from 1,000 simulations). Note that the genes considered active or inactive in the two cells are specific to each cell and the CHD1 measure is similarly specific to each cell type. Thus, the two cell types are independent tests of the same hypothesis. Considering CHD1 coverage (i.e., proportion of gene covered by at least one CHD1 span) does not affect conclusions: H1 active, rho = 0.1, P < 10 −12 , K562 active rho = 0.08, P < 10 −8 , inactives: H1 rho = −0.15, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 , K562 rho = −0.23, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 . Results are again robust to application of Goodmans Kruskal gamma (H1 active gamma = 0.0865, K562 active gamma = 0.0654 and H1 inactive gamma = −0.142 and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1834 and all P < 0.001, from 1,000 simulations).

Article Snippet: Results are again robust to application of Goodmans Kruskal gamma (H1 active gamma = 0.0865, K562 active gamma = 0.0654 and H1 inactive gamma = −0.142 and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1834 and all P < 0.001, from 1,000 simulations).

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution

Article Title: Purifying Selection on Splice-Related Motifs, Not Expression Level nor RNA Folding, Explains Nearly All Constraint on Human lincRNAs

doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu249

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between Intragenic DHS Density and CHD1 Coverage Density Occupancy within Active Genes.

Article Snippet: Results are again robust to application of Goodmans Kruskal gamma (H1 active gamma = 0.0865, K562 active gamma = 0.0654 and H1 inactive gamma = −0.142 and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1834 and all P < 0.001, from 1,000 simulations).

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution

Article Title: Purifying Selection on Splice-Related Motifs, Not Expression Level nor RNA Folding, Explains Nearly All Constraint on Human lincRNAs

doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu249

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spearman Correlation between the Focal lincRNA Gene’s Intron Count Density per Kilobase and DHS Coverage per Kilobase in ± 50 kb Flanks.

Article Snippet: Results are again robust to application of Goodmans Kruskal gamma (H1 active gamma = 0.0865, K562 active gamma = 0.0654 and H1 inactive gamma = −0.142 and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1834 and all P < 0.001, from 1,000 simulations).

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution

Article Title: Purifying Selection on Splice-Related Motifs, Not Expression Level nor RNA Folding, Explains Nearly All Constraint on Human lincRNAs

doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu249

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spearman Correlation between the Focal lincRNA Gene’s CHD1 Density per Kilobase and DHS Coverage per Kilobase in ±50 kb Flanks.

Article Snippet: Results are again robust to application of Goodmans Kruskal gamma (H1 active gamma = 0.0865, K562 active gamma = 0.0654 and H1 inactive gamma = −0.142 and K562 inactive gamma = −0.1834 and all P < 0.001, from 1,000 simulations).

Techniques:

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Ionic–Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy

doi: 10.1002/advs.202513985

Figure Lengend Snippet: Wearable and epidermal electrode systems. a) Chemical structure of P(BA‐co‐MAA) ionogel and distribution of hydrogen bonding strengths. As the frequency decreases, physical interactions progressively dissociate, resulting in simultaneous interchain breakup and enhanced entanglement that serve as topological crosslinks. Reproduced with permission. [ ¹⁴³ ] Copyright 2024, Springer Nature under CC BY 4.0. license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . b) On‐skin paintable biogel for EEG recording on a hairy scalp. Biogel is painted on the scalp and removed with water, leaving the skin clean. Reproduced with permission. [ ³⁰⁷ ] Copyright 2022, The American Association for the Advancement of Science. c) In situ rapid gelation process of the biogel and formation mechanism of a conductive network for sEMG signal monitoring during vigorous motion. Reproduced with permission. [ ²⁷⁵ ] Copyright 2025, Springer Nature. d) Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showing that the MPC 10 oligomer forms multiple hydrogen bonds with water molecules. ECG signals recorded using the anti‐dehydration hydrogel (P(AAm‐co‐MPC)) and conventional PAAm hydrogel after 24 h. Reproduced with permission. [ ¹¹⁹ ] Copyright 2023, Wiley‐VCH.

Article Snippet: Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that MPC 10 forms multiple robust hydrogen bonds with surrounding water molecules, effectively suppressing water evaporation.

Techniques: In Situ

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Towards a Smart Environment: Optimization of WLAN Technologies to Enable Concurrent Smart Services

doi: 10.3390/s23052432

Figure Lengend Snippet: Outcomes comparing the proposed method to existing mixed-algorithm solutions.

Article Snippet: [ ] , The robust performance of the OPNET-based communication IP network simulation model enabled the modeling of real-world network scenarios, the incorporation of performance specifications for the operation of existing equipment, and the provision of a versatile graphical environment and design for network communication. , Link data rate Throughput Delay , NA , ESS , 802.11 , OPNET , There was only one IEEE technology discussed, and the number of nodes used was not provided..

Techniques: Software, Transmission Assay